The Agricultural Improvement Act of 2018, commonly known as the 2018 Farm Bill, is a significant piece of legislation that encompasses a wide range of agricultural and nutritional policies in the United States. Signed into law on December 20, 2018, the bill authorizes federal agriculture and food programs for five years. Here is a summary of key provisions:
Hemp Legalization:
One of the most notable aspects of the 2018 Farm Bill is the legalization of industrial hemp at the federal level. The bill removes hemp from the list of controlled substances, allowing for its cultivation, processing, and sale across the country. Hemp-derived products, such as CBD, became subject to regulation by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA).
Crop Insurance and Commodity Programs:
The bill maintains and enhances federal crop insurance programs, providing a safety net for farmers facing unpredictable weather conditions and market fluctuations. It also establishes commodity support programs to assist producers of various crops.
Conservation Programs:
The 2018 Farm Bill continues to support conservation efforts through various programs aimed at promoting sustainable agricultural practices, protecting natural resources, and enhancing environmental stewardship.
Nutrition Programs:
The bill reauthorizes funding for crucial nutrition programs, including the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), which helps low-income individuals and families access nutritious food.
Rural Development:
The legislation addresses issues related to rural development, including infrastructure, broadband access, and economic initiatives to support rural communities.
Research and Extension:
Funding for agricultural research and extension services is allocated to enhance innovation, productivity, and sustainability within the agricultural sector.
International Trade:
The 2018 Farm Bill includes provisions that support U.S. agricultural exports, aiming to expand international markets and facilitate trade relationships.
Dairy and Livestock Programs:
The bill includes provisions to address challenges in the dairy and livestock industries, including risk management programs and support for producers.
Legalization of CBD and Hemp-Derived Products:
With the legalization of hemp, the 2018 Farm Bill paves the way for the cultivation and extraction of cannabinoids, including cannabidiol (CBD), from industrial hemp. This has had significant implications for the emerging hemp and CBD industries.
In summary, the 2018 Farm Bill encompasses a comprehensive set of policies that touch on various aspects of agriculture, nutrition, conservation, and rural development in the United States. It has played a pivotal role in shaping the regulatory framework for hemp and CBD, while also addressing the diverse needs of farmers and communities across the country.